HYDRAULIC LEAKAGE PREVENTION
These simple plumbing problems can also be real hard to fix if you don't know the basic hydraulic plumbing rules. If you don't work carefully and follow these rules, your work may be the cause of the next hydraulic leak that delays or cancels a flight. Let's look at these basic hydraulic plumbing rules: contamination that gets into a system or collects on sealing surfaces can cause leaks internal and external. Hydraulic fluid itself is a contaminant. It can eat paint and decals.
When hydraulic fluid is allowed to penetrate a composite structure, it will attack the core material and reduce it to mush. Once a composite assembly has been attacked, its structural integrity will be lost. To avoid damage caused by twisting, tearing, and chipping, always lubricate O-rings, packing seals, back-up rings, and fitting threads with hydraulic fluid before assembly. When assembling hydraulic system fittings, be sure that seals and back-up rings are properly positioned before torquing the connection. When installing an elbow fitting into a component, be sure that all the threads are completely screwed into the boss. This is to make sure that the O-ring packing rides in the undercut, and not on the threads.
To prevent an elbow fitting from turning while its lock-nut is being torqued, hold it with a second wrench. To make a stress-free installation, be sure that all elbow-to-pipe connections are correctly aligned before torquing the B-nuts.
Do not use pointed, sharp-edged, or steel tools to remove or install O-ring packing, back-up rings, and seals. Damage may occur. Never reinstall used O-ring packing or seals. Once they have been compressed, they will never regain their original shape again. Before torquing a B-nut, be sure that the tube fits squarely into the fitting. Never force or bend a tube to make it fit. Metal tubes don't stretch. If the piece seems shorter upon reinstallation or after a component change, something is wrong. Stop! Think! And investigate the problem before you proceed. Make sure that tubes are not forced into clamps or line blocks.
A stressed installation will lead to a cracked tube at the nearest fitting or B-nut. And, you can bet it won't be long before it happens. If clamps or line blocks are removed so a tube or component can be replaced, be sure that they are reinstalled again. Tubes that are not properly supported will vibrate. Vibration is the greatest enemy of a hydraulic system. It causes tubes to crack, and connections at fittings to loosen up and leak. When repairs are finished, always bleed the system, and leak check your work. We, the mechanics, have control of torquing. The lack of proper torquing is the single greatest cause of leaks. Those calibrated elbows are notorious for being out of calibration. Use a torque wrench.
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